Source
Emissions Testing for Dioxin/Furans - Illustrated U.S. EPA Method 23
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Sampling
Probe: Borosilicate or quartz glass tubing with a heating system capable
of maintaining a probe gas temperature during sampling of
120 ± 14 °C (248 ± 25 °F)
Stack
Gas Temperature Sensor:
A temperature sensor capable of measuring temperature to within ±3 °C
(5.4 °F). The sensing tip of the temperature sensor is in direct contact with
the sample gas, and
monitored during sampling.
Heated
Filter Box
Temperature
Sensor:
A temperature sensor capable of measuring to within ±3 °C (5.4 °F). The
temperature around the filter holder is regulated and monitored during sampling.
Filter:
Glass fiber filter, without organic binder, exhibiting at least 99.95
percent efficiency (<0.05 percent penetration) on 0.3 micron dioctyl phthalate
smoke particles. Labeled and tare weighed.
Flexible
Vacuum Line:
Connects the
filter holder to the
condensing system.
Temperature
Sensor:
Placed at the outlet of the last impinger. Used for monitoring the exit
temperature - 20 °C (68 °F) or below.
Submersible
Pump: Circulates cold water to thermostatically control the gas temperature
exiting the condenser.
Coil
Condensor: Glass, coil type with compatible fittings. Water bath thermostatically
controlled to maintain the gas temperature exiting the
condenser at (68°F).
Filter
Heating System:
Capable of maintaining a temperature around the filter holder during sampling
of 223-272°F.
Filter
Holder: Glass
fiber filters, without organic binder, exhibiting at least 99.95 percent efficiency
(<0.05 percent penetration) on 0.3-micron dioctyl phthalate smoke particles.
Filter Support: Teflon or Teflon-coated wire. Pre-cleaned Glass Filter
Holder.
XAD-2
Trap: Glass container to hold up to 40 grams of resin adsorbent. A coarse
glass frit is included to retain the adsorbent in the water-jacketed sorbent
module.
Pitot
Tubes: Type S, attached to the probe to allow
constant monitoring of the
stack gas velocity.
Orsat
Probe:
For determining carbon dioxide (CO2),
and oxygen concentrations (O2).
Pyrometer:
Temperature
readouts for monitoring stack gas, heated filter box, last impinger exit,
and other sampling components.
Volume
Meter: Dry gas meter, sufficiently accurate to measure the sample volume
within 2%, and calibrated over the range of flow rates and conditions actually
encountered during sampling.
Filter
Holder:
Borosilicate
glass, with a glass frit filter support and a silicone rubber gasket.
Probe
Nozzle: Made of stainless steel
(316) or glass with a sharp, tapered leading
edge.
Button-hook or elbow design.
3rd
Impinger:
Charge-N/A
The volume or weight gain of liquid is required to calculate the moisture
content of the effluent gas.
1st
and 2nd Impingers:
Charge-100ml H2O each
The volume or weight gain of liquid is required to calculate the moisture
content of the effluent gas.
Vacuum
Gauge:
Gauge used for
the sampling leak check.
Must be at least 30 in. Hg
By-Pass
Valve:
Used to regulate the sample gas flow rate.
Sampling
Pump: Leak-free diaphragm type, or equivalent, to
pull the gas sample through the train.
Main
Valve:
Used to regulate
the sample gas flow rate.
Dual
Inclined Manometer: Differential pressure
gauge. One manometer is used for velocity head readings, and the other, for
orifice differential readings.
Umbilical:
Sampling probe to meter box connections for pitot and sample vacuum lines,
orsat probe, thermocouples, and electrical lines.
4th
Impinger (Silica Gel):
Charge-200-300g
portion of silica gel.
The weight gain is
required to calculate the moisture content
of the effluent gas.